as
as … as 「跟…一樣…」
[A] + [動詞] + as + [形容詞或副詞原級] + as + [B]
- You walk as slow as my grandma.你走路跟我的阿嬤一樣慢。
- Can you get up as early as your mom?
- She speaks English as fluently as a native speaker.(她說英文跟母語者一樣流利 → fluently 是副詞)
- He is as tall as his father.(他和他父親一樣高 → tall 是形容詞)
- She is as pretty as her aunt. 她跟她阿姨一樣漂亮
- Your phone is as expensive as mine.(你的手機跟我的跟一樣貴。)
- This box is as heavy as a rock.(這個箱子跟石頭一樣重。)
- Can you get up as early as your mom?
not as … as 「沒有跟…一樣…」
- I am not as tall as you.(我沒有跟你一樣高 → 我比你矮)
- He doesn’t run as fast as me.(他跑得沒有我快)
AS 當…的時候
as 表達兩個動作同時發生時,「背景音樂」般的同時發生,「一邊…一邊…」或「正當…時」
- 規則 A:過去式配過去式(最常見的說故事時態)
- 當你在講過去發生的故事時,主句和
as子句通常都用過去式。 - Example: As I walked down the street, I saw an old friend. (當我走在街上時,我看到了一位老朋友。)
-
The phone rang as I was leaving the house. (當我正要出門時,電話響了。)
- 規則 B:過去進行式搭配過去簡單式(強調動態與打斷/同時)
- 這也是超級經典的組合!用進行式(was/were V-ing)來營造「背景正在進行的動作」,用簡單式來表示「同時發生的另一個動作」。
-
As Bea was eating the pasta, she looked around the restaurant. (當 Bea 正在吃義大利麵時,她環顧了餐廳四周。)
- 規則 C:現在式配現在式(描述日常習慣或真理)
- 如果在講平常經常發生的事,兩邊都用現在式。
- As the sun sets, the temperature drops. (當太陽落下時,溫度就會下降。)
As 同時進行
as強調「兩個動作同時進行」(就像背景正發生著 A 事件,同時 B 事件發生了)。- He sang as he walked down the street.(他邊走邊唱)
- 兩個動作的「時間長度」差不多,不需要特別強調哪個動作「正在進行中」,直接用簡單式敘述這個事實就可以了。
- As I walked home, it started to rain.
as 大比較
以下都是一樣的意思,一邊走一邊唱。進行式代表持續進行中。
- 二邊過去式: He sang as he walked down the street.
- 一邊過去進行式: He was singing as he walked down the street.
- 一邊過去進行式: He sang as he was walking down the street.
- 二邊過去進行式: He was singing as he was walking down the street.
💡 總結
- 不用進行式:完全正確!用簡單式來描述「同時發生的平行動作」非常常見,語氣簡潔自然。
- 用進行式:也可以!如果你想特別強調「當下正在進行的狀態」就能派上用場。
「時態要一致或邏輯合理」。
- 講過去的故事 ➔ 兩邊都用過去式(或一邊進行式、一邊簡單式)。
- 講現在的狀況 ➔ 兩邊都用現在式。
as vs while vs when
| 連接詞 | 核心語感 | 最常搭配的時態 | 想像的畫面 |
|---|---|---|---|
As |
兩個動作同時發生(同步進行) | 常接進行式(was doing) | 一邊…一邊…(動態進行中) |
While |
強調一段「持續的時間」 | 接進行式(was doing) | 在…期間(時間較長) |
When |
一個點、一個狀況發生時 | 簡單式居多(did / does) | 當(那個時間點)一到(點狀發生) |
- 簡單對比感受一下:
- I saw him when I arrived.(我抵達的那一刻看到了他 ➔ 點的時間點)
as 因為
表達原因時,時態通常取決於「這個原因跟結果發生在什麼時間點」,前後可以一致,也可以彈性搭配
- 過去式的因果關係:
-
Example: As it was raining heavily, we canceled the trip. (因為當時雨下得很大,我們取消了旅行。) (說明:過去的狀態 *was 導致過去的動作 canceled)*
- 現在式的因果關係:
-
Example: As you are busy, I will leave you alone. (既然你現在很忙,我就不打擾你了。) (說明:現在的狀態 *are 對應現在/未來的決定 will leave)*
- As it was raining heavily, we decided to stay home. (因為雨下得很大,我們決定待在家裡。)
- As you are busy, I won’t bother you anymore. (既然/因為你很忙,我就不打擾你了。)
- As I was tired, I went to bed early.
as 做…一樣
- Do as I say. (照著我說的做。)
as 像… 一樣,如同,正如
- As you know, English is important. (正如你所知,英文很重要。)
as + 名詞 (身份)
as 通常放在動詞後面
- He works as a waiter. (他以…的身分工作 ➔ 他是一名服務生。)
名詞A as 名詞B (把 A 當作 B)
- He uses his phone as a camera.(他把手機當作相機使用。)
名詞A as 形容詞B (把A當作B)
- Treat this information as confidential. (把這個資訊視為機密)
- Treat(動詞:對待)
- Treat this as a secret.(把這個當作秘密)
regard/see/think A as B (把A當作B)
Regard A as B(把 A 視為 B)- I regard him as a close friend.(我把他視為摯友。)
See A as B(把 A 看作 B)- We see this challenge as an opportunity.(我們把這個挑戰看作是一個機會。)
Think of A as B(把 A 想作 / 看作 B)- Don’t think of it as a failure; think of it as a lesson.(不要把它看作是失敗,把它當成一堂課。)
As someone who + 形容詞子句 (作為一個…的人)
-
As someone who loves things to be fast and smooth, I think your fashion show idea sounds perfect.身為一個喜歡一切快速又順暢的人,我覺得你的時裝秀點子聽起來完美極了。
-
As someone who loves animals, I always want to adopt stray cats and dogs.(身為一個愛動物的人,我總是想認養流浪貓狗。)
-
As someone who works in tech, I find this new software very useful.(身為一個在科技業工作的人,我覺得這款新軟體非常有用。)
as always 一如往常地
當作「副詞片語」(放在句尾或句首)
- As usual, Lisa was late.像平时一样,丽莎迟到了。
- As usual there was too much traffic this morning.像平时一样,今天
早上交通非常繁忙。
- traffic 不可數名詞,不能加a,也不能加S,不可數名詞要用much.
- traffic 不可數名詞,單數,用there was
- Thank you as always.(謝謝你,一如既往地。)
- always:總是、一直。
- as「正如一直以來那樣」➔ 也就是「跟平常一樣、一如往常」。
- He is working hard, as always.(他一如往常地很努力工作。)
- It’s good as always.
- As always.(老樣子 / 一如往常。)
-
He arrived on time, as always. (他一如往常地準時抵達。)
- A: You’re late again.(你又遲到了。)
- B: As always.(老樣子(我就是這樣)。)
第一類:表示「時間」(當…時候)
這類用來表達兩個動作同時發生,常常會搭配進行式來增加畫面感。
- As I was walking home, it started to rain. (當我正走在回家的路上時,開始下雨了。)
- As she opened the door, a cat ran out. (當她打開門時,一隻貓跑了出去。)
- The phone rang as I was cooking dinner. (當我正在煮晚餐時,電話響了。)
- As the sun was setting, we took a lot of photos. (當太陽正在下山時,我們拍了許多照片。)
- He smiled as he read the letter. (當他讀著信時,他笑了笑。)
第二類:表示「原因」(因為 / 既然)
用來解釋某件事發生的理由,語氣自然且雙方都心知肚明。
- As it was raining heavily, we stayed indoors. (因為雨下得很大,我們待在室內。)
- As you are new here, let me show you around. (既然你是新來的,讓我帶你參觀一下吧。)
- As she felt tired, she went to bed early. (因為她覺得累了,所以很早就去睡覺了。)
- As I didn’t have cash, I paid with my credit card. (因為我沒有現金,所以我用信用卡付錢。)
- As the restaurant was full, we went somewhere else. (因為那家餐廳客滿了,我們就去了別的地方。)
第三類:表示「如同、正如」(方式 / 比較)
用來表達「照著…做」或「就像…一樣」。
- Do as I say, not as I do. (照著我說的做,不要照著我做。)
- As you know, English is important for our jobs. (正如你所知,英文對我們的職涯很重要。)
- Things didn’t go as we planned. (事情不如我們計畫的那樣進行。)
- Please leave the room as you found it. (請把房間保持在你發現它時的樣子 / 原封不動。)
- As always, he arrived late. (他一如往常地遲到了。)
第四類:表示「身分、作為」(介系詞用法,後面接名詞)
用來指稱某人的職位、身分或物品的用途。
- She works as a teacher in Taipei. (她在台北擔任老師。)
- You can use this glass as a vase. (你可以把這個杯子當作花瓶使用。)
- He started his career as an engineer. (他以工程師的身分開始了他的職涯。)
- Treat this information as confidential. (請將這項資訊視為機密。)
- Thank you as a friend. (以朋友的身分謝謝你。)
把A當作B
elected 沒有as
They elected him president.(他們選他當總統。)
1. Choose / Select(選擇…擔任…)
- 例句:They chose him as their leader.
- 中文:他們選擇他擔任他們的領導者。
2. Appoint / Name(任命 / 命名…為…)
- 例句:The company appointed her as the new manager.
- 中文:公司任命她為新經理。
3. Regard(將…視為…)
- 例句:I regard him as a true friend.
- 中文:我把他視為真正的朋友。
4. Use(把…當作…使用)
- 例句:She used the old box as a desk organizer.
- 中文:她把那個舊盒子當作桌面收納盒使用。
二、 必須注意的文法雷區與注意事項(超重要!)
在使用這類句型時,有三個常考、也容易犯錯的細節一定要記住:
⚠️ 注意事項 1:千萬不要自作聰明加 to be
中文在翻譯時,常習慣說「任命她為(to be)經理」或「視他為(to be)朋友」,所以在寫英文時,很多人會不小心多寫一個 to be。
- ❌ He regards me as to be a friend. (錯誤!聽起來很不自然)
- ⭕ He regards me as a friend. (正確!
as後面直接接名詞或形容詞即可) (小例外:有些動詞如consider雖然也可以接名詞,但它更常直接接形容詞,或用consider A to be B。不過以as來說,上述那四個動詞直接加as+ 名詞最安全!)
⚠️ 注意事項 2:as 後面的名詞要不要加冠詞(a / an)?
當 as 後面接的是「職業、身分、可數單數名詞」時,一定要加上適當的冠詞(a 或 an),除非它是複數或抽象不可數名詞。
- ⭕ They elected him as president. (像總統、經理這種獨一無二的職稱,有時候可以省略冠詞直接當作專屬頭銜)
- ⭕ She works as a teacher. (一般職業前面一定要加 a)
⚠️ 注意事項 3:被動語態大變身(考試超愛考!)
當這個句型改成「被動語態」時,原本的受詞會跑到句首變成主詞,而 as + 名詞 會乖乖留在動詞後面:
- 主動:The committee chose him as chairman.(委員會選他當主席。)
- 被動:He was chosen as chairman by the committee.(他被選為主席。)
(注意看:
as chairman依然緊緊黏在動詞後面,沒有不見!)