動名詞片語
所有介系詞(像是 about, on, in, at, with, without, before, after)本質上都是「位高權重的老大」,它們的後面只能接「名詞」或「代名詞」(例如:talk about money、good at English)。
當你想把一個「動作」(比如:跑步、吃飯、分手、遲到)塞到介系詞後面當受詞時,那個動作就必須先去「辦理名詞化手續」——而把動詞變成 V-ing,就是最直接、最合法的手續!
只要遇到「介系詞(如 about, of, in, for, on…)」後面的動詞,全部都必須強制變成 V-ing(動名詞)。
「思考/討論」類動詞 + 介系詞
這些動詞和 talk / speak 一樣,後面必須加介系詞,所以後面接動作時也一定要用 V-ing:
think about …(考慮……)
- I am thinking about changing my job.(我在考慮換工作。)
- I am thinking about the company paying salary.我在考慮公司發薪水這件事(或:我在想公司到底有沒有發薪水)
dream of …(夢想著……)
- She dreams of traveling around the world.(她夢想著環遊世界。)
- She is dreaming of her boss giving her a raise. (她正夢想著老闆幫她加薪。 → 主詞是 her boss)
worry(動詞) about …(擔心……)
- He worries about failing the exam.(他擔心考試不及格。)
- I am worried about him quitting his job. (我很擔心他離職這件事。 → 主詞是 him)
- I am worried about my son being laid off. (我很擔心我兒子被裁員。)
- 「被裁員」的英文是 be laid off。
- He is worried about being caught.(他擔心被抓到。)
- She is anxious about her proposal being rejected.(她很擔心她的提案被拒絕。)
be worried(形容詞) to + 原形動詞
- I was worried to hear the bad news.(聽到這個壞訊息,我感到很擔心。)
「感謝/道歉」類動詞 + 介系詞
thank… for …(因為……而感謝……)
- Thank you for helping me.(謝謝你幫我。)
apologize for …(為……道歉)
- He apologized for being late.(他為遲到道歉。)
##「阻止/避免」類動詞 + 介系詞
stop… from …(阻止……去做……)
- Nothing can stop him from learning.(沒有什麼能阻止他學習。)