would rather 寧願
第一題:為什麼 rather than 常被翻譯成「寧願」?
其實,rather than 本身的字面意思是「而不是……」(沒有「寧願」兩個字)。
那為什麼大家常常會把它翻譯成「寧願……」呢?這是因為它經常和表示「偏好」的動詞(如 would 或 prefer)綁在一起用!
- **單獨看
rather than**: -
I will take a walk, rather than take the bus. (我要去散步,而不是搭公車。➔ 這裡單純是「而不是」)
- 當它遇到
would(就會變成「寧願……也不要……」): - 英文有一個超級經典的片語叫
would rather A rather than B(或簡化成would rather A than B)。 - 其中的
would rather就是「寧願」的意思,而後面的rather than則負責帶出「也不要……」的對象。 - I would rather walk rather than take the bus. (我寧願走路,也不要搭公車。)
would rather 的意思是「寧願……」,最常見的基礎句型是:would rather + 原形動詞 + rather than + 原形動詞(後面的 rather than 常可簡寫為 than)。
第一類:表達「寧願做 A,也不要做 B」(標準對比句型)
- I would rather stay at home than go out in this heavy rain. (我寧願待在家裡,也不要在這場大雨中出門。)
- She would rather resign than compromise her core values. (她寧願辭職,也不要妥協她的核心價值。)
- He would rather read a book than waste time scrolling on his phone. (他寧願看書,也不要浪費時間滑手機。)
- They would rather walk rather than wait an hour for the next bus. (他們寧願走路,也不要等一個小時後的下一班公車。)
第二類:表達「否定選擇」(寧願不做某事)
如果只想表達「寧願不要做……」,直接在 rather 後面加 not 即可。
- I would rather not talk about this sensitive topic right now. (我寧願不要現在談論這個敏感的話題。)
- She would rather not attend the party if he is going to be there. (如果他會去那場派對,她寧願不要出席。)
第三類:表達「希望別人做某事」(句型:would rather + 主詞 + 過去式)
這個文法超愛考!當你想表達「我寧願你(現在)去做……」時,主詞後面要用「過去式動詞」**(代表假設語氣)。
- I would rather you left the report on my desk by tomorrow. (我寧願你明天就把報告放在我桌上。)
- He would rather we didn’t mention this to anyone else. (他寧願我們不要對其他人提起這件事。)
- She would rather her son studied medicine instead of arts. (她寧願她兒子學醫,而不是藝術。)
- I would rather you came early tomorrow. (我**寧願你明天早點來。)