wh- 疑問詞子句

兩種表現方式:wh- + to V vs. wh- + 主詞 + 動詞

想表達「怎麼做(how to…)」、「去哪裡(where to…)」或「要做什麼(what to…)」時,就可以利用這個句型。

wh- + to V

當「主句的主詞」和「疑問詞後面主詞」是同一個人時,就可以把子句簡化成 to V

  • but do you know where to buy glasses?
  • I don’t know what to do. (我不知道該做什麼。)
    • 這裡的主詞是 I,而「去做」這個動作的也是 I
  • She knows how to drive. (她知道如何開車。)
  • Can you tell me where to go? (你可以告訴我去哪裡嗎?)
  • I don’t know what to wear. (我不知道該穿什麼。➔ 帶著「要不要選這件、該怎麼選擇」的糾結。)
  • Show me how to fix it. (教我該怎麼修理它。➔ 帶著「應該用什麼方法」的疑問。)

疑問詞 (wh-) + 主詞 + 動詞

當「動作的執行者(主詞)」跟主句的主詞不同

  • I don’t know where she is now…
  • I know how much you wanted it.
    • how much you wanted it.
    • 不能再加助動詞 do/does/did
  • I don’t know what I should do. (我不知道我該做什麼。)
    • ( 這裡明確指出是「我」該做。)
  • Can you tell me where we should go? (你可以告訴我我們該去哪裡嗎?)
  • She knows how he fixed the car. (她知道他是怎麼修好這輛車的。—— 這裡的主語是 he,跟主句的 she 不同)

這種句型通常會接在表示「思考、知道、詢問、學習」這類的動詞後面:

  • know(知道)
  • don’t know(不知道)
  • wonder(想知道)
  • tell(告訴)
  • learn / figure out(學習/弄清楚)
  • show(展示、教導)

快速對照總結表

句型名稱 結構 適用時機與範例
不定詞簡化版 wh- + to V 主詞相同時使用
👉 I know what to say.(我知道該說什麼。)
完整子句版 wh- + 主詞 + 動詞 主詞不同或需強調時使用
👉 I know what you did.(我知道你做了什麼。)

wh- 疑問詞子句各種詞性

1. 當作「名詞」(Noun)

  • I know what you did.(我知道你做了什麼。——整句當名詞受詞)
  • She decided where to go.(她決定要去哪裡。——整句當名詞受詞)

2. 當作「形容詞」(Adjective)——用來修飾前面的名詞

  • She gave me a guide on how to do it.(她給了我一份關於「如何做這件事」的指南。➔ 修飾 guide。)

1. 用 where(在哪裡)

  • The detective spoke about where the suspect was hiding. (偵探談論了嫌疑犯躲在哪裡。)

    2. 用 when(什麼時候)

  • The expert spoke on when the new version will be released. (專家發表了關於新版本將在什麼時候發布的演講。)

    3. 用 why(為什麼)

  • She spoke about why she decided to change her career. (她談論了為什麼她決定轉換跑道。)

    4. 用 who(誰)

  • The manager spoke about who would lead the new project. (經理談論了誰將帶領這個新專案。)

    5. 用 if 或 whether(是否)

  • The team spoke about whether they should use a different framework. (團隊討論了他們是否應該使用不同的框架。)

第一部分:10個 speak to 人 + on 子句 例句 The manager will speak to the team on how we can improve sales. (經理會跟團隊談論我們該如何提升銷售額。)

The doctor spoke to the patient on why surgery is necessary. (醫生跟病人說明了為什麼手術是必要的。)

She needs to speak to her boss on what happened yesterday. (她需要跟老闆談談昨天發生了什麼事。)

The professor spoke to the students on what defines true success. (教授跟學生們談論了什麼才是真正的成功。)

He spoke to the media on how the company plans to fix the bug. (他向媒體說明了公司打算如何修復這個軟體錯誤。)

The lawyer spoke to his client on what steps to take next. (律師跟他的委託人談論接下來該採取哪些步驟。)

The teacher spoke to the parents on how children learn best. (老師跟家長們談論了孩子們是怎麼學習效果最好的。)

An expert spoke to the audience on why data privacy matters. (專家向聽眾說明了為什麼資料隱私很重要。)

The CEO spoke to the investors on how the market is changing. (執行長跟投資人談論了市場正在如何轉變。)

She spoke to her mentor on what career path she should choose. (她跟她的導師談論她應該選擇什麼樣的職涯道路。)

🗣️ 第二部分:10個 speak with 人 + about 子句 例句

I need to speak with you about what we discussed earlier. (我需要跟你談談我們剛剛討論過的事情。)

She spoke with her colleague about how they can finish the project. (她跟同事談論了他們要如何完成這個專案。)

The customer service representative spoke with me about why my payment failed. (客服代表跟我談論了為什麼我的付款會失敗。)

He spoke with his wife about where they should move next year. (他跟妻子談論了他們明年應該搬去哪裡。)

The developer spoke with the designer about how the user interface should look. (開發人員跟設計師談論了使用者介面應該長什麼樣子。)

Can I speak with you about what is bothering you? (我可以跟你談談是什麼在困擾你嗎?)

The teacher spoke with the student about why he missed the exam. (老師跟學生談論了為什麼他沒參加考試。)

She spoke with her friend about how she felt during the interview. (她跟朋友談論了她在面試時的感受。)

The HR manager spoke with the candidate about what salary they expect. (人資經理跟求職者談論了他們期望的薪資是多少。)

We need to speak with the landlord about why the rent went up. (我們需要跟房東談論房租為什麼調漲了。)

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