天氣
天氣名詞
- lightning 閃電
- struck by lightning(被雷擊中)
- The tree was struck by lightning.(那棵樹被雷劈了。)
- thunder 雷聲(不可數)
- the sound of thunder(雷聲)
- I was scared by the sound of thunder.(我被雷聲嚇到了。)
- a storm 暴風雨(可數)
- 它是可數名詞,而且通常是一場特定的暴風雨,所以要加 a 或 the(像是 in a storm 或 in the storm)。
- A storm is coming.(暴風雨要來了。)
- a thunderstorm 雷暴雨(可數)
- A thunderstorm is coming.(雷雨要來了)
in the rain/snow/fog/wind
rain,snow,不可數氣象名詞,不能一個一個數,所以不能用a。
前面要有the,但前面有形容詞,刪除the。
雨(rain)和雪(snow)是降落的實體,你可以「身處在大雨/大雪中」
in the rain (在雨中)
- in the rain(在雨中)
- 例句: We walked in the rain.(我們在雨中散步。)
加上形容詞修飾(強調雨的大小或狀態),刪除the。
- in heavy rain(在大雨中)
- They played soccer in heavy rain.(他們在大雨中踢足球。)
- in light rain(在小雨/毛毛雨中)
- I ran home in light rain.(我頂著小雨跑回家。)
in the snow(在雪中)
- The kids were playing in the snow.(孩子們正在雪地裡玩耍。)
加上形容詞:去掉 the
- in heavy snow(在大雪中)
- They drove safely in heavy snow.(他們在大雪中安全駕駛。)
- in deep snow(在深雪中)
in the fog(在霧中)
- In the fog(在霧中)
- We drove slowly in the fog.(我們在濃霧中慢慢開車。)
in the mist(薄霧)
- The old castle stands proudly in the mist. (古老的城堡驕傲地佇立在薄霧中。)
in the wind (在風中)
- The leaves were blowing in the wind.(樹葉在風中飛舞。)
-
We could smell the flowers in the wind.(我們能從風中聞到花香。)
- in heavy wind(在強風中)加上形容詞,去掉the
- It’s hard to cycle in heavy wind.(在強風中騎腳踏車很難。)
- in strong winds(在強風陣陣中——wind 這裡常用複數代表多陣強風)
隱申:
- Rumors of a merger are in the wind.(公司要合併的風聲已經在流傳了。)
- There is change in the wind.(空氣中瀰漫著改變的氣息/局勢似乎要變了。)
in the sun(在陽光中)
- She loves reading a book quietly in the sun. (她喜歡在陽光下安靜地看書。)
其它例句:
- We got caught in the rain without an umbrella. (我們沒帶傘,淋到了雨。)
- Her hair was blowing wildly in the wind. (她的頭髮在風中狂亂地飄揚著。)
- She loves reading a book quietly in the sun. (她喜歡在陽光下安靜地看書。)
- We couldn’t see the road clearly in the fog. (我們在大霧中看不清道路。)
- The kids were happily playing in the snow. (孩子們開心地在雪地裡玩耍。)
- Birds were flying high in the sky. (鳥兒在天空中高飛。)
a storm/ a thunderstorm
in a storm : 泛指、任一場
- in a storm:在一場暴風雨中(泛指、任一場,或某個未特定指明的暴風雨情境)。
- It’s dangerous to be caught in a storm at sea.(在海上遇到暴風雨是很危險的。)
- in a thunderstorm
- We got caught in a thunderstorm.(我們遇到雷雨暴風了。)
- We got caught in a thunderstorm while hiking.(我們健行時遇到了一場雷雨。)
- We got caught in a sudden thunderstorm.(我們遇到了一場突如其來的雷雨。)
- 加了 sudden 形容詞,a不會消失。
in the storm : 特定的一場、那場
暴風雨是一個具體的、有邊界的天氣事件。當你說 in the storm 時,是指你置身於「那場暴風雨」當中。
- They managed to sail in the storm.(他們設法在暴風雨中航行。)
- The little bird was flying in the storm.(那隻小鳥在暴風雨中飛行。)
- We drove in the thunderstorm.(我們在雷雨中開車。)
加形容詞(去掉 the):
前面加上形容詞修飾特定種類的暴風雨時,通常也會去掉 the,換成a:
- in a sudden storm(突如其來的暴風雨中)
during 在…期間
- during + a(泛指「一場/一次」期間)
- Always unplug electronics during a thunderstorm.
- 意思:在任何一場雷雨期間(泛指通則、給建議時),都要把電器拔掉。
- We stayed home during the thunderstorm.(我們在雷雨中待在家裡。)
- We stayed inside during the hurricane.(我們待在室內,躲過了的颶風。)
- We stayed inside during a massive hurricane.(我們待在室內,躲過了一場巨大的颶風。)
跟 storm 或 thunderstorm 完全一樣,屬於可數名詞的氣象與天災類單字還有很多!
這些單字因為本身是可數的(代表一個個具體的事件或現象),所以當你加上形容詞(例如 sudden, violent, severe 等描述性質的形容詞)時,前面原本的 a 或 the 絕對不會消失,因為它依然需要依循一般可數名詞的文法規則。
以下是幾個最常見、用法完全相同的氣象單字:
1. Hurricane / Typhoon(颶風 / 颱風)
- 基本用法:
in a hurricane(在一場颶風中)/in the hurricane(在那場颶風中) - 加上形容詞(冠詞保留):
- We stayed inside during a massive hurricane.(我們待在室內,躲過了一場巨大的颶風。)
- They evacuated before the devastating typhoon hit.(在那場毀滅性的颱風登陸前,他們撤離了。)
2. Tornado(龍捲風)
- 基本用法:
in a tornado/in the tornado - 加上形容詞(冠詞保留):
- How to survive in a sudden tornado?(如何在突如其來的龍捲風中存活?)
- The town was flattened by the terrifying tornado.(整個城鎮被那場可怕的龍捲風夷為平地。)
3. Blizzard(暴風雪)
- 基本用法:
in a blizzard/in the blizzard - 加上形容詞(冠詞保留):
- They got lost in a severe blizzard.(他們在一場猛烈的暴風雪中迷路了。)
- Don’t drive out in the fierce blizzard.(別在那場狂暴的暴風雪中開車出去。)
4. Cyclone(氣旋)
- 基本用法:
in a cyclone/in the cyclone - 加上形容詞(冠詞保留):
- Many houses were destroyed in a tropical cyclone.(許多房子在一場熱帶氣旋中被摧毀。)
💡 核心區分總結
你可以用一個簡單的邏輯來區分:
- 不可數的天氣/狀態(如 rain, snow):描述雨雪的「大小、強度」時(如 heavy, light),習慣把
the拿掉,變成純狀態描述(in heavy rain)。 - 可數的天氣事件(如 storm, thunderstorm, hurricane, tornado, blizzard):它們是一個個「事件」,不管前面加了什麼形容詞(sudden, severe, massive),
a或the都一定要好好地留著,不能像不可數名詞那樣直接省略!